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    Plumbing Systems      A plumbing system is the introduction and elimination of water and human byproducts to and from a building. Within plumbing systems there are three types of water supply, potable water, water that is good for drinking. Black water, wastewater that contains sewage from the toilets or kitchen sink. And gray water, wastewater from sinks, bathtubs, and washing machines.       There are many different types of plumbing systems that differ according to the application and needs of the space, these include wetlands, sewer treatment plan, and septic tank. Toilets are the single largest use of interior water. Highly efficient toilets use less than 1.28 gallons of water per flush. Low flow toilets are provided by all manufactures. Legislation now requires that new toilets require less water than older toilets. Dual flushing toilets use a mechanism that allow for two flushing possibilities when less water is required and two fl...

Electrical Systems and Lighting      The electrical system is what supply's electricity to most buildings. This power can be generated by many different sources. Electricity travels from the utility company to the user through overhead or underground electrical lines as well as transformers. There are also many different components of an electrical system. There is connection to the direct building, cable types, electrical symbols, and energy management devices. Within the cord components there are also many different types of cable options for different applications. High capacity, coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, armored bx cable, and Romex. They each have different materials that make for different components. Some are insulated sheath and copper core. While some are metal or PVC, these are different ways of concealing the wiring itself.      There are also different energy management devices these keep the buildings well-insulated and lowering the ther...

 Mechanical Systems Research one source of renewable energy (pg. 82 Tucker) share research on your blog Sources of Fuel       There are many different types of sources bioenergy being one. It is produced from organic matter such as corn, wood, or municipal waste These are renewable, but they need other sources of energy for their production. Fossil fuels are another source of energy providing 80 percent of the fuel for electricity in the United States. Coal is a natural source of energy that is mined and is abundant in some areas of the world. Oil is a fossil fuel and is dependent on foreign sources especially from the Middle East. Natural gas is a fossil fuel that is used for an alternative-fuel vehicle.       There are also many different types of energy producers such as wind energy. Turbines are places on landscape to capture the winds and convert them into energy in the form of electricity.  This is a source of energy that is easy t...

 Ceilings  Week Seven Blog Post  Chapter 9 Ceilings      Ceiling come in many different forms and materials that a ceiling can take on, one being cathedral and sloped ceilings. Cathedral Ceilings has a slope it creates a spacious space that a flat ceiling does not create. They have issues with lighting options, and you have to consider heating and cooling for the space. Directly applied ceilings are attached to the structure of the building these are normally made out of plaster or wood. Today gypsum wall board can be used in replacement of plaster. This can all be called drywall, it can come in a synthetic or natural source.  Suspended Acoustical-panel Ceilings are normally installed in the commercial environment. It provides noise control in large spaces as well as allows for duct work like sprinklers and electrical to be above the visual line. There are also many manufactures that create ceiling systems that are recycled and sustainable.  ...

 Flooring  FRAMING SYSTEMS   Wood      Wood floor-framing systems can be divided into two types: light frame construction and heavy timber frame construction that uses beams and girders. Light frame construction uses multiple small wood sections to carry a load. Heavy timber framing relies on a structural frame consisting of columns and beams. These horizontal beams are the used to support girders they carry the weight of floor planks to the beams where then the load can be transferred to the columns.  Steel      Steel floor-framing is either light gauge with open web joists or structural steel with beams or girders. These rely on regularly placed columns that support steel beams. Girders span these beams and are used to carry a metal decking.  Concrete       There are different cast-in-place panels that have an additional slab poured. There are three main types of hollow core slab, double t, and single t. Poured...

 Chapter 7 Walls       Walls have many different perspectives from the core they are structural, thermal, moisture, finish, acoustic, fire-safety, and sustainability perspectives. Chapter 7 is aimed at designers so there is focus on both performance and aesthetics of the wall component. Walls are both enclosure and partition systems, that have an influence on the perspectives. The chapter begins by discussing framing systems such as stud walls, bearing walls, masonry, and structural frame walls. This gave an amazing outline to strength and sustainability. It highlights insulation as a key component of wall assemblies, explaining how different materials and R-values affect energy efficiency, while also addressing the importance of vapor retarders and barriers in controlling moisture. Interior substrates like plywood and gypsum board have a wide range of finish materials, with a focus on durability, indoor air quality, and environmental impact.  Acoustics an...

 Structural Systems      Interior Designers contribute to the environment of the interior spaces; this includes space planning, materials and finishings, casework, and furnishings. There are many jobs and services that an interior designer takes on throughout a space. Project Management is a large one that handles the project budget, contracts, scheduling, and resources of a project. There are many others that play into the smoothness of a project design itself these include, project goals, data collection, existing conditions, conceptualization, selections and materiality, documentation, coordination, contract administration, and pre-design or post-design services. Each one of these plays a role into the project and how everything comes together throughout a design.      Interior Designers do not work directly with structure systems; however, they need to understand how they work within a space. The purpose of a structural system is to carry the loads...